{"id":22458,"date":"2023-10-26T22:15:07","date_gmt":"2023-10-26T22:15:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nami.ai\/?p=22458"},"modified":"2025-08-27T17:31:44","modified_gmt":"2025-08-27T17:31:44","slug":"what-is-wireless-sensing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nami.ai\/blog\/what-is-wireless-sensing\/","title":{"rendered":"What Is Wireless Sensing?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
Wireless sensing, in its simplest terms, means detecting or measuring physical phenomena without the need for a tangible physical connection (like wires).<\/p>
Wireless sensing works through detecting disturbances in electromagnetic waves or signals \u2014 the same kinds of waves that are commonly used by your home WiFi connection.\u00a0 Compared to \u2018wired\u2019 forms of sensing, this technology is more mobile and versatile, and able to communicate over both short and long distances. Some common applications of wireless sensing include:\u00a0<\/p>
You can read more about the applications of wireless sensing in our detailed analysis of the pros, cons and practical use cases for wireless sensing.\u00a0<\/p>
Most commonly, wireless sensing involves\u00a0WiFi<\/em> sensing. This means using WiFi \u2014 also known as wireless local area networks (WLAN) \u2014 to detect motion (read more in our guide to WiFi sensing<\/a>). Wireless sensing usually proceeds through two distinct stages:<\/p> In addition to WiFi, wireless sensing could also conceivably involve other forms of technology such as:<\/p> Some other types of sensors which also don\u2019t involve physical wiring include Passive Infrared (PIR)<\/a> and acoustic sensors. However, as these sensors rely on heat and sound energy, rather than radio waves, they are generally not classified under the label \u201cwireless sensing\u201d.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t P \/ ML) and wr<\/span>, d<\/span><\/p> ev<\/span><\/p> ase<\/span><\/p> In wireless sensing, electromagnetic waves are emitted by devices across a room or area. Any disturbance in those waves is picked up by enabled devices, and analyzed by the sensing technology. This disturbance indicates movement in the room, and the sensing technology is able to determine whether that is human motion or not.\u00a0<\/p> Wireless sensing is usually implemented via several different ‘layers’:<\/p> You can read more about how wireless sensing works in Jie Wang et al. (2018).\u00a0 “Device-Free Wireless Sensing: Challenges, Opportunities, and Applications<\/a>“. IEEE Network. <\/em>\u00a0Vol. 32, no. 2.\u00a0<\/p> To read specifically how deep learning models might be applied to wireless sensing data check out Rajendran et al. (2018). “Deep Learning Models for Wireless Signal Classification with Distributed Low-Cost Spectrum Sensors<\/a>“. IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking<\/em>.\u00a0Vol. 4, No. 3.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t P \/ ML) and wr<\/span>, devcase<\/span><\/p> The scientific basis for wireless sensing can be traced back to 1865 when Scottish Physicist James Clerk Maxwell predicted that electric charges and currents give rise to electric and magnetic fields. These fields, in turn, propagate through space as waves.\u00a0<\/p> This prediction was, in turn, confirmed by the experiments of the German Physicist Heinrich Hertz in the 1880s. He showed that electromagnetic waves could be produced by an oscillating electric current, and that these could be detected from a distance through a simple receiver.\u00a0<\/p> This experimentation also confirmed that electromagnetic waves behaved like light and could reflect, refract and diffract \u2014 prisms and lenses were used to demonstrate how waves could be bent and focused.\u00a0<\/p> Then through experiments in the late 1890s and early 20th century, Guglielmo Marconi demonstrated that information<\/em> could be sent wirelessly via electromagnetic waves. Through wireless telegraphy, the operator could interrupt the transmission of electromagnetic waves in regular patterns to correspond with Morse Code.\u00a0<\/p> Audio transmission then followed, and the rise of radio broadcasting, as did radar \u2014 using electromagnetic waves to detect movement. Wireless sensing<\/em> was born.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)<\/a> is a grouping of spatially dispersed sensors that monitor the physical environment and sends data to a central location. It consists of \u2018nodes\u2019 (that house each individual sensor and transmit the relevant information via radio waves) and a ‘base station’ (that collects information from the nodes to be sent to the user).<\/p>\n Classic use cases for WSNs include geographical and area monitoring, such as geofencing of gas or oil pipelines, or habitat monitoring. In the latter case, wireless sensors have been extremely successful in allowing vulnerable wildlife to be observed, without potentially harmful human interference. For example, in studies conducted on Great Duck Island in Maine, wireless sensor networks have been successful in showing with seabird (Petrel) monitoring to show: <\/p>\nHow Does Wireless Sensing Work?<\/h2>
The History of Wireless Sensing\u00a0<\/h2>
Is Wireless Sensing the same as Wireless Sensor Networks?<\/h2>\n
\n